moving and emotional
photos,puppets and ardor
by marguerita
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The gulags once spread over the Kazakhstan steppe like a thick wreath. Eleven sprawling camps with names like Alzhir, a Russian acronym for the Akmolinsk Camp for Wives of Traitors of the Motherland, housed hundreds of thousands of prisoners and their families. The camps, built shortly after the creation of the Soviet Union, were partly emptied to provide soldiers and workers during World War II and were eventually closed, although not dismantled, after Stalin died in 1953.In Kazakhstan today, a large percentage of people have parents or grandparents whose life trajectories were savagely rewired by deportation and imprisonment in the camps. But memories of the gulags are dying.
OVER the past few years the questions have been asked ever more forcefully whether global climate changes occur in natural cycles or not, to what degree we humans contribute to them, what threats stem from them and what can be done to prevent them. Scientific studies demonstrate that any changes in temperature and energy cycles on a planetary scale could mean danger for all people on all continents.
It is also obvious from published research that human activity is a cause of change; we just don’t know how big its contribution is. Is it necessary to know that to the last percentage point, though? By waiting for incontrovertible precision, aren’t we simply wasting time when we could be taking measures that are relatively painless compared to those we would have to adopt after I’m skeptical that a problem as complex as climate change can be solved by any single branch of science. Technological measures and regulations are important, but equally important is support for education, ecological training and ethics — a consciousness of the commonality of all living beings and an emphasis on shared responsibility.further delays?
http://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/27/opinion/27havel.html
http://prof-poste.blogspot.com/
Maybe we should start considering our sojourn on earth as a loan.
Whenever humans recognize a mistake, a mysterious wave of electricity passes through the brain. Researchers think the signal could explain addiction, error correction and even the sixth sense.
Stress is normal for the 5,500 scientists and engineers at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. They know that whenever they make a decision, even the slightest error could have serious consequences.
The brain knows more than we sometimes give it credit for. Those subtle feelings of foreboding may be your gray matter telling you that you've made a mistake.Dr. Markus Ullsperger says that the brain learns quickly from its mistakes. The Cologne-based neurologist can also demonstrate that subjects who have made a mistake in the Flanker test take more time for their ensuing responses. "People change their decision-making strategy," he says. "They begin to learn from their errors."But what does the drop in dopamine production cause? What triggers the entire chain of signals? Ullsperger's explanation is that whenever the brain decides to take a specific action, it simultaneously develops an idea of the expected consequences. If the desired result occurs, the brain rewards itself with the feel-good hormone dopamine. But if something unexpected happens, the reward is withheld -- a form of self-inflicted punishment.
Human perception is highly specialized to notice contradictions between expected and actual ocurrencesAn ensemble of at least 1,000 nerve cells appears to be responsible for this ability to compare desire and reality.
http://www.spiegel.de/international/0,1518,archiv-2007-266,00.html